Ethiopia’s journey toward democracy remains marred by its ethnic divides and authoritarian legacy. Though Mengistu’s fall in 1991 promised reform, deep-rooted mistrust and political domination continued. The Tigray War reflects this fragile state, as federal power clashes with regional defiance. Despite reforms, democracy in Ethiopia remains unconsolidated, undermined by violence, ethnic tension, and elite control.

On 6 October 2019, US President Donald Trump ordered the withdrawal of US troops from northeastern Syria, abandoning their Kurdish allies...